A Baker’s cyst is an abnormal swelling of a fluid-filled bursa behind the knee. It may form when the knee joint produces extra fluid after an injury or with certain types of arthritis. You may notice pain, swelling, or fullness behind the knee. Some cysts settle without treatment.
Rehabilitation goals
- Reduce pain and swelling while the knee settles.
- Maintain comfortable knee movement and normal walking.
- Address the underlying knee irritation or injury with your clinician.
- Return gradually to activity without recurrent fullness or pain.
Exercise progression in 3 phases
Early phase
- Use relative rest and avoid activities that increase pressure or pain behind the knee.
- Use an elastic bandage if advised, elevate the leg for swelling, and move the knee gently within a comfortable range.
Intermediate phase
- As symptoms ease, build comfortable knee bending and straightening and resume low-impact activity.
- Begin clinician-guided strengthening for the thigh and hip without provoking swelling.
Late phase
- Progress strengthening and activity gradually, monitoring for renewed swelling or fullness.
- Return to running, cutting, or sport only when motion, strength, and walking are comfortable and your clinician agrees.
Baker’s cyst patient information
This page is educational and general in nature and does not replace an individualized evaluation — see our medical disclaimer.